Volume 14 ~ Issue 4

This study evaluated the impact of computational thinking (CT) training on secondary school teachers in Armenia, Quindío, comparing the performance in CT skills between teachers with specific training (DSF, n=53) and those without (DNF, n=213). Using a comparative quantitative design, a test based on the Bebras initiative was applied to measure the dimensions of algorithmic thinking, decomposition, pattern recognition, and abstraction. The results, analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test, showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05), although the DSF group obtained slightly higher means in algorithmic thinking (0.81 vs. 0.70) and decomposition (0.43 vs. 0.35)........
Keywords:- Computational thinking; teacher training; cognitive skills; secondary education.

The study analyzes the implementation of techno-pedagogical activities as a strategy to strengthen English communication skills in 9th and 11th grade students at the Pio Alberto Ferro Educational Institution in Boyacá, Colombia. Poor performance on national tests and adverse conditions in the public education system motivated the pedagogical intervention, which integrates information technologies with innovative approaches to language teaching. Using a mixed methodological approach, initial assessments, techno-pedagogical activities, and pre- and post-intervention evaluations were developed...........
Keywords: English language teaching, educational technology, communication skills, techno-pedagogy, public education, teaching innovation.

Airline efficiency has come under research searchlight a long time ago, as more and more inputs from technology and actors are being introduced to the industries on daily basis. The use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has now become the most adopted methodology to determine the performance of an organization in terms of efficiency. While various earlier studies have focused more on financial performance using various models, this paper used DEA to evaluate the efficiency of airline operations in Nigeria using data from five airline industries for the period of five years' operation...........

Crystal field parameters of Cr3+ doped PbWO4 single crystal are obtained using superposition model. The zero field splitting parameter D is then estimated with the help of microscopic spin Hamiltonian theory. The theoretical zero field splitting parameter for Cr3+ in PbWO4 single crystal at tetragonal symmetry site is in good match with the experimental value. The local distortion is taken into account to find the crystal field parameters.
Keywords: A. Inorganic compounds; D. Crystal fields; D. Optical properties; D. Electron paramagnetic resonance.

Rural education in Colombia continues to face structural challenges related to access, quality, and equity. In particular, the teaching of physics in these settings reveals gaps in the pedagogical use of technology, in ongoing teacher training, and in the development of higher-order skills such as mathematical modeling. These difficulties motivated the researcher to design a proposal that integrates digital technologies and metacognitive strategies to strengthen the learning of kinematics among rural students........
Keywords: Metacognition; Mathematical modeling; Digital technologies; Rural education; Physics education; Kinematics.

Speed of sound (u) and density (ρ), have been measured in1,3-dioxolane + 1-pentanol, 1,3-dioxolane + 1-hexanol, 1,3-dioxolane + 1-heptanol, 1,3-dioxolane +1- octanol, 1,3-dioxolane +1- nonanol and 1,3-dioxolane + 1-decanol,at the temperature 298.15 K and 3 MHz. From the measured data of speed of sound (u) and density (ρ), acoustic parameter adiabatic compressibility (βad) and free length (Lf). The variation of adiabatic compressibility (βad) and free length (Lf) with concentration have been studied. Acoustic parameters provide important information in understanding the solute-solvent interaction in a solution.
Keywords: Acoustical parameters, density, sound velocity, adiabatic compressibility, free length, hydrogen bonding, 1,3-dioxolane, molecular interaction.

The objective of the researchwastodesign a pedagogicalmodelthatwouldallowfor the evaluation of the results of teaching-learning processes in relationto the SABER tests (3rd and 5th grades) proposedby the Todos a Aprender Program in the officialurbaneducation sector of the municipality of Tierralta-Córdoba. The researchwascarriedoutunder the interpretiveepistemicmodel, using a projectiveresearchdesign. The informationcollectiontechniqueusedwas a survey and interview, with a questionnaire and interview guide, respectively. Thiswassubjectedtoexpertvalidity and structuralvalidity.........
Keywords: Continuousimprovement, pedagogicalmodel, teachingprocess, PTA, education sector.

This article is derived from the results of the doctoral thesis entitled, Strategic Guidelines for the Functional Development of Organizational Culture in Educational Institutions. Its objective is to compare the perceptions of different stakeholders regarding the characteristics, types, factors, and functions of organizational culture in educational institutions in the municipality of Barichara, Santander, Colombia. The paradigm used is empiricism with the inductive generalization method under the quantitative approach. The data collection technique used was a survey with a 63-item questionnaire, which was validated by five experts and verified through a pilot test with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.927, indicating high reliability.......
Keywords: organizational culture, leadership, motivation.

Semantic segmentation plays a vital role in the perception system of autonomous vehicles by enabling accurate scene understanding at the pixel level. Efficient car detection is essential for safe navigation, collision avoidance, and path planning. This paper presents a lightweight and real-time semantic segmentation approach tailored for car detection in autonomous driving scenarios. The proposed method leverages deep learning models, such as encoder-decoder architectures with attention mechanisms and depthwise separable convolutions, to achieve a balance between high accuracy and computational efficiency........

Keywords: Semantic Segmentation, Car Detection, Autonomous Vehicles, Deep Learning, Real-Time Processing.

Monocular depth estimation—the task of predicting a dense depth map from a single RGB image—is a fundamental problem in computer vision with applications in autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality. Traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising results but often struggle to model long-range dependencies due to their limited receptive fields. To address this, we propose a Modified Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture that captures both local and global context efficiently. Our model integrates a hierarchical transformer backbone with multi-scale patch embedding......

Keywords: Monocular Depth Estimation,Vision Transformer (ViT),Self-Attention,Depth Prediction, Transformer Backbone.

This study presents an artificial intelligent model for understanding purchase intention for consumers. An intelligent system was developed and conducted to test the model. The results indicate that consumer's participation has a positive impact to purchase. Consumer's orientation has a positive impacts on purchase intention. Consumer's normative commitment, consumer's continuance commitment, and consumer's affective commitment positive impact to purchase behavior. According to the results of empirical study, implications and suggestion for future research are discussed.

Keywords: Artificial intelligent；Commitment；Consumer's behavior.

Along with the advance of 3C technology and the promotion of education reform, multimedia video information equipment is largely combined in education scene for student-centered course teaching. Including multimedia video in instruction for curriculum design provides students with diverse teaching and learning methods. It is expected to enhance students' learning attitude and achievement through vivid and active multimedia video situations as well as to guide students' interests and achievement in learning. Taking 188 college students in Guangdong Province as the experimental objects...........

Keywords: multimedia video, STEM, learning attitude, learning achievement, learning gain.

"Origin of Universe-An Ever ending Debate"- A New View-Requisition for Discussion on any international platform
Before going to put forward my views, I would like to specify or clarify that : [1] This is purely my brain child concept, yet, I did not have any idea whether such concept already proposed by someone else. [2] I am not a physics related teacher/professor, but had physics background till my UG level. [3] All calculations whatever made, were based on physical constants available or known to me (as per best of my knowledge) [4] I divided total concept in to various capsules (such as 1, 2, 3, etc.,) or units.

This article presents a pedagogical reflection on educational inclusion and attention to diversity in the context of primary education. The study focuses on urban educational institutions in the municipality of Tierralta, Córdoba, with the aim of diagnosing current conditions and proposing significant improvements. The research addresses the situation through the analysis of several key aspects. First, it describes the levels of inclusion by examining infrastructure, teacher training, and effective access for the diverse population. Second, it identifies and analyzes the school trajectories of these students..........

Keywords: Educational inclusion, diversity, educational environment, curriculum, educational community.

The objective of the research was to diagnose the educational conditions required in urban educational institutions in the municipality of Tierralta, Córdoba, to generate inclusion and relevant attention to the diverse population. The research is framed within the hermeneutic paradigm, and the method used is similar to transformational methodologies, oriented toward decision-making and change, framed within socio-critical approaches and exploratory research............

Keywords: Educational community, educational environment, educational inclusion, diversity, , curriculum.

With the profound social, political and economic changes that Latin America is going through, phenomena such as migration are presented. This becomes important in the sense that the success of the learning processes and the emotional well-being of immigrant children and young people depend to a great extent on its knowledge and treatment. This article addresses the challenges and implications of intercultural education in the context of the migratory phenomenon, especially the Venezuelan case. Among the challenges are: to promote intercultural education for all, promote change in the Colombian educational system from an intercultural perspective and promote the necessary conditions for learning, focusing on the affective dimension.............

Keywords: Education, interculturality, migration, multiculturalism, educational system.

The overall objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of inclusion processes in public educational institutions in the municipality of San Carlos, Córdoba, based on Colombian public education policies and the principles of plurality. The study is conducted under a holistic paradigm with a descriptive approach. It seeks to analyze the development and behavior of different members of the educational community and their relationship with Decree 1421 of 2017. The study population consists of administrators, teachers, students, and parents from the 12 official educational institutions in the municipality...........

Keywords: Inclusion, diversity, impact, education, educational institution.

The overall objective of this research is to define the influence of communication strategies on the selection of technical, technological, and/or university programs among high school students in the city of Montería. The research was conducted under the positivist paradigm, characterized by being quantitative, empirical-analytical, and rationalist. A quantitative research method with a descriptive type of research was used. The total population consisted of 675 10th-grade students from three educational institutions in Córdoba: Colegio Nacional Jose María Córdoba (Montería), Marceliano Polo............

Keywords: Communication, Communication strategies, Higher education, Program selection, Students

The study area is located within the borders of the Köyceğiz-Dalaman districts in the southeast of Muğla Province in SW Anatolia. The region is highly active in terms of instrumental earthquakes and is also rich in geothermal systems. A large part of this region remains at risk of earthquakes today, as it was in the past. The NW-SE-trending Milas Fault, the Yatağan Fault, the Muğla Fault, and the E-W-trending Gökova Fault Zone, which borders Gökova Bay to the south, are the most important active faults in the region and its surrounding areas. Furthermore, in addition to these faults, the area is known to contain many other active tectonic elements.............

Keywords: Geothermal, Hydrogeochemistry, Muğla, Active Fault.

The article examines howdeficiencies in earlysymbolizationprocessesaffect the writingskills of secondaryschoolstudents, particularlythose in the tenth and eleventh grades. Activitiessuch as play, oral storytelling, and drawing—essentialforstructuringthought and language—wereinterruptedduring the COVID-19 pandemic, reducingopportunitiesfor interaction and learning.............

Keywords: Writing, Earlychildhoodeducation, Linguistics, Symbolization and Pandemic.

This article explores education for inclusive and intercultural citizenship, focusing on the experiences of students at educational institutions in Cereté, Colombia. Despite regulatory advances in inclusion, challenges remain in implementing pedagogical practices that foster genuine dialogue and recognition of cultural diversity. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to analyze how pedagogical practice in the contextual cycle contributes to the development of intercultural citizenship skills from the students' perspective. To this end, a qualitative approach with a case study design was adopted............

Keywords:Inclusive education, interculturality, citizenship, teaching practice School coexistence

This document presents the results of a study named Pedagogical proposal based on critical thinking skills following Bloom's taxonomy in English language learning at the Kilómetro 12 educational institution, headquarters and Casablanca campus. The central purpose of the study was to establish the degree of impact of a pedagogical proposal based on the cognitive levels of Bloom's Taxonomy to develop critical thinking through the comprehension of English texts in eighth-grade students. The study was approached from a qualitative-interpretative perspective, following the action research model............

Keywords: Bloom'sTaxonomy, Reading comprehension, and critical thinking.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in cybersecurity, enabling proactive threat detection, anomaly recognition, and rapid incident response. However, the integration of AI into cybersecurity management systems raises a host of challenges and ethical concerns. These include algorithmic bias, data privacy risks, adversarial attacks on AI models, lack of transparency, and organizational readiness issues. This paper critically examines the ethical and technical dimensions of AI adoption in cybersecurity, analyzing global literature, case studies, and Indian policy perspectives.............

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, Ethics, Bias, Privacy, Governance, Explainable AI.

The objective of the research is to analyze the impact of teachers' beliefs about English language teaching on their pedagogical practices in official rural educational institutions in Santa Cruz de Lorica with respect to the bilingualism curriculum provisions issued by the Ministry of National Education. The research is conducted under the interpretive epistemic model, using qualitative methods and a phenomenological research design with multiple cases. The population consists of 37 foreign language teachers (English) from 26 official rural educational establishments in the ETC.............

Keywords: Bilingualism, English language teaching, Educational establishments, Impact, Teaching practices.