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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 11

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

This paper presents a comparative approach for Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) using Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for color images. The motivation to use SIFT algorithm for CBIR is due to the fact that SIFT is invariant to scale, rotation and translation as well as partially invariant to affine distortion and illumination changes. Inspired by these facts, the paper investigates the fundamental properties of SIFT for robust CBIR by using binary MPEG-7 and Grayscale COIL-20 and Color image databases. Our approach uses detected keypoints and its descriptors to match between the query image and images from the database. Our experimental results show that the proposed CBIR using SIFT algorithm produces excellent retrieval result for images with many corners (concaves) and edges (convex) as compared to retrieving image with less corners and edges. The paper also presents another approach for CBIR using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Color images. The main aim of the paper is to employ SIFT and PCA methods on the same Image databases and perform a comparative study of results between SIFT and PCA approaches using Precision and Recall tables. The study reveals that SIFT approach provides a better Image retrieval performance for binary, gray scale and color images when compared to PCA.

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Author Keywords:- Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), Comparision between SIFT and PCA.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Expansive soils are a worldwide problem, causing extensive damage to civil engineering structures. Jones and Holtz estimated in 1973 that the annual cost of damage in the United States due to expansive soil movement was $2.3 billion. Utility of fly ash in expansive soil stabilization is established by accessing the extent of improvement achieved in relevant Engineering properties of expansive soil such as Plasticity, Compaction, Compression strength, CBR value and Swelling Index This paper presents experimental results based on analysis of swelling pressure of expansive soil - Fly ash mix could be increased by addition of randomly distributed Nylon fibres. The effect of addition of Nylon Fibres on compaction characteristics, swelling pressure is studied. Reinforcement content, varying from 0.25 % to 1.25 % by dry weight was added to stabilize the soil- flyash mixtures. Samples were prepared at optimum moisture content and maximum dry density and were cured for different duration in the laboratory under controlled conditions. The mathematical models have also been developed to correlate swelling pressure with different parameters. The developed mathematical model is adequate to represent the relationship and useful to predict the strength. Adequacy of developed mathematical model has also been tested by conducting different verification experiments. It is observed that difference between predicted and observed value is lying within 10%. A Mathematical model represented by response equation has been developed, considering only liner and quadratic effects of percentage of fibre reinforcement and length of fibres. The appropriate equation has been decided and coefficients have been determined using MATLAB software.

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Author Keywords:- Fly ash, HT Nylon 66 Fibre, Swelling Index, Mathematical Modelling

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

This paper includes a practic study of α-β-filters in Video Sequence at Sulaimany City. The purpose of this project is to research and experiment on the application of video image of traffic scene taken by stationary camera specifically to detect abnormal (velocity) traffic situations. The abnormal velocities do you to various case .in this paper I use α-β-filter with various value of α-β.

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Author Keywords: -

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 03

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Thermalization and the complete dominance of water vapor in reverse-thermalization explain why atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has no significant effect on climate. Reported average global temperature (AGT) since before 1900 is accurately (98% match with measured trend) explained by a combination of ocean cycles, sunspot number anomaly time-integral and increased atmospheric water vapor.

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Author Keywords: - .

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 15

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Cold chain logistics is based on the freezing process, Refrigeration technology as a means. Cold chain items from the production, circulation, sales to consumersEach link is always in the specified temperature environment. To ensure the quality of cold chain items,Reduce the loss of cold chain items logistics activities.The Multi-temperature refrigeratedvehicle play an indispensable role in the refrigerated transport. In view of the existing refrigeratedvehicles evaporating temperature cannot be automatically adjusted lead to food freezing, frostbite and other issues, This paper presents a multi-zone refrigerated vehicles, Not only has a number of temperature zones and can achieve the temperature of each temperature zone can be automatically adjusted.Multi-temperature refrigeratedvehicle to meet the needs of different items on the evaporation temperature.

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Author Keywords:- Multi-temperature refrigeratedvehicle; Evaporation temperature,Auto-adjusting.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 04

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is a technique which enables the improvement of oil recovery by injection of microorganisms into depleted oil reservoirs. Bio-surfactants generated by these microorganisms play a significant role in enhancing oil recovery from the depleted reservoir after the primary and secondary recovery process. This work focuses on the production of Bio-surfactants from Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 9027)and the comparison of bio-surfactant production by experimental studies at both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The growth and bio-surfactant production was investigated at varying pH and temperature conditions resembling the actual reservoir conditions. A sensitivity analysis of the previously mentioned physical/biological parameters was carried out in order to deduce the optimal conditions required for enhanced growth and bio-surfactant production. Bio-surfactant and analytical studies such as surface tension and interfacial tension have revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 9027) has the capability to grow and produce maximum Bio-surfactants leading to the reduction of surface tension from 71 mN/m to 34 mN/m at pH 8.0 and 30° C. However at temperature 45° C the strain did not produce bio-surfactant. Also the strain failed to show growth below pH of 5.0 and above pH of 8.0.

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Author Keywords: - .

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 05

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.