Volume 3 ~ Issue 11 ~ November 2014


Corruption In The Regime's Apparatus And State Institutions In Libya During Gaddafi's Rule
Jaber Emhemed Masaud Shariha, Prof.Dr. Bambang Supriyono, Dr.Mardiyono, Drs. Andy Fefta Wijaya, Prof.Dr.Soesilo Zauhar
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/A3110103 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-0103
Corruption is the misuse of public office for private profit or political gain. This dissertation comprehensively studies, the causes and consequences of corruption left by individual governance regime ruled Libya for 42 years. Under Gaddafi's regime, corruption became engrained in the country's political and economic structures, largely as a result of the overwhelming centralization of power in the hands of Gaddafi and small elite of family members and close acquaintances which dominate and control of oil resources. The researcher used the qualitative method. Data is collected through semi-structured interviews with public servants, executive officers. The result of study shows that there is a negative relationship between corruption and economic growth. Corruption increases the income inequality decreases. It means that the decreasing inequality is the result of increasing amount of corruption. The study recommended that the government must introduce an equitable wages and incentive system. This will inevitably reduce people's vulnerability and susceptibility to corruption. It must introduce transparency devices that can detect and prevent corruption in all areas. Besides, the government should introduce a national reorientation program to educate people on the crucial need to eradicate corruption in all sectors of Libya's economic and socio-political systems.
Author Keywords:- Corruption, democracy, bureaucracy.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 03
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Influence of Natural Pozzolan on Porosity-Cementitious Materials Ratio in Controlling the Strength of Cement Treated Recycled Base Pavement Mixtures
J.E. Waani, Sri Prabandiyani RW and B.H. Setiadji
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/B3110411 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-0411
The objective of this research project is to explore the influence of the amount of natural pozzolan (trass) as a partial replacement of Portland cement on the strength characteristic (qu) of Cement Treated Recycled Base (CTRB) pavement mixtures. As parameters controlling the unconfined compressive strength, the porosity, curing time and the porosity to cementitious materials ratio were investigated in relation to the maximum influence of natural pozzolan contents in various mix designs. Based on the statistical analysis, the results showed good correlations between unconfined compressive strength and cementitious materials content (cement and trass) and porosity of the CTRB mixture. The increase in Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of the CTRB also depended on the increase in curing time of the CTRB samples. The results also revealed that the void to cementitious materials ratio (η/civ) is a good indicator of the UCS of the CTRB mixtures. This research project proposes some empirical models to estimate the efficiency factor α using the equivalent cementitious material content concept of the mixture proportion. Strength prediction of the CTRB mixtures using this proposed efficiency factor α was reviewed using Feret's equation for concrete material.


Author Keywords:- CTRB, Compressive strength, Natural pozzolan, Porosity, Porosity to cementitious materials ratio.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08
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Maximal Ordered Leftideals in Ordered Ternarysemigroups.
Bindu. P, Dr.Sarala.Y, Dr. Madhusudhana Rao. D
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/C3111215 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-1215
Lehmer [4] gave the definition of a ternarysemigroup in 1932. We see that all semigroups can be converted in to a ternarysemigroup. In this paper, we give some axillary results which are also essential for our deliberations and characterize the relationship b/w the maximal ordered leftideals and the left simple and left
(0)–simple ordered ternarysemigroups, Correspondent to the characterizations of maximal leftideals in ordered semigroups studied by Cao and Xu [2].


Author Keywords:- Maximal ordered leftideal and left ( 0 - ) simple ordered ternarysemigroup.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 04
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Learning of DDD
Virendra C. Patil and Sharmila M. Shinde
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/D3111620 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-1620
Online learning algorithmes often have to operate in the presence of concept drifts. A recent study revealed that different diversity levels in an ensemble of learning machines are required in order to maintain high generalization on both old and new concepts. Inspired by this study and based on a further study of diversity with different strategies to deal with drifts, so propose a new online ensemble learning approach called Diversity for Dealing with Drifts (DDD).DDD maintains ensembles with different diversity levels and is able to attain better accuracy than other approaches. Furthermore, it is very robust, outperforming other drift handling approaches in terms of accuracy when there are false positive drift detections. It is always performed at least as well as other drift handling approaches under various conditions, with very few exceptions. Presents an analysis of low and high diversity ensembles combined with different strategies to deal with concept drift and proposes a new approach (DDD) to handle drifts.
Author Keywords: - Concept drift, DDD, diversity, online learning.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 05
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Voice over Internet Protocol with Novel Applications
Adnan Affandi, Mohammed Al-Shami & Mubashshir Husain
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/E3112134 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-2134
Internet Telephony, often denoted as Voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP), has gained more and more attention world-wide during the last decades. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology has become a communication alternative with the continuous increasing of Internet bandwidth and rapid advancement of peer-to-peer (P2P) applications.In this paper three types of VOIP are explained: (i) PC to PC : this is the easiest way to use VOIP, which enables you to talk and communicate Voice over Internet with all people over the world. (ii) PC to Phone: which need a gateway that connects IP Network to phone Network. Its uses a device called an ATA (Analogue Telephone Adaptor).The ATA allows you to connect a standard phone to your computer or your Internet connection for use with VOIP. The ATA is an analogue to digital converter. (iii) Phone to Phone: Where you need more gateways that connect IP network to phone networks, more phone networks that connect Telephone set to gateway, and IP network that connect gateway to gateway. This paper also explains Internet Protocol (IP) that VOIP uses to transmit voice as packets over an IP network as follows: H.323 Protocols that provides the technical requirements for voice communication over LANs, while assuming that Quality of Service isn't provided by LANs. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) standard which is the standard for establishing VOIP connections. This paper also explores Voice XML which is a markup language derived from XML for writing telephone-based speech applications.In this paper also VoiceXML developed environments(Gateways) are explained, where a list of all VoiceXML developers is included, and the most popular VoiceXML development environments (Gateways) are explained in details.Finally, in this paper ten VoiceXML applications are developed.
Author Keywords: - VOIP , XML, H.323 Protocol, etc.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 14
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

A Perspective of Transportation Development for Bintuni Regency in West Papua-Indonesia
Emba Rantelino, M. Yamin Jinca, Jamaluddin Rahim
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/F3113541 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-3541
Bintuni Regency in West Papua Province, can be accessed by sea and air transportation from Manokwari, Sorong and it's a road tansport from Manokwari. The study aims to analyze regional resources of Bintuni Regency which is supported by transportation, availability of infrastructure and transportation services, to support development. The method used was interview with questionnaires and secondary data collection from relevant institute. Regional potency and availability of infrastructure and transportation services were analyze by descriptive and the transportation performance obtained using Importance Perfomance Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Index method, population trip pattern used origin destinantion matrix (O-D matrix), while perspective transportation development derived from SWOT analysis. The availability of infrastructure and transportation services to support regional development is still relatively limited, are transportation services at very poor level, and internal population trip pattern centered on Bintuni Regency. Perspective transportation development focused on road transportation networks development, ferry and water, sea transportation in Bintuni and babo Regency, and air transportation in Bintuni, Babo and Merdey Regency..
Author Keywords:- Induced electrical currents, magnetic materials, powder metallurgy, relative magnetic permeability
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Challenges to the Incorporation of Environmental Sustainability Issues into Construction Procurement at the Local Government Level of Ghana
Harold Adjarko, Gloria Osei-Poku, Joshua Ayarkwa
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/G3114252 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-4252
A study was conducted with the aim of exploring the challenges affecting the incorporation of environmental sustainability issues into construction procurement at the local government level of Ghana. The research specifically studied nineteen (19) out of the twenty-two (22) district assemblies in the western region of Ghana, examined their construction procurement system and their challenges in incorporating environmental sustainability issues into their construction contracts. A literature review focused on the construction procurement process pertaining at the district level, questionnaires were used in the study. The study discovered that though the respondents were aware of the impact of construction procurement activities on the environment they do not pay attention to addressing these issues through the procurement processes. The study also noted that the major external challenges to incorporation of environmental sustainability issues into construction procurement are lack of government guidance, lack of knowledge in the industry, limiting standards and contractors desire for lower prices. The study identified four major internal challenges to the incorporation of environmental issues into construction procurement as: lack of roadmap or strategy, lack of knowledge and skills, weak processes, and lack of understanding of how to insert environmental issues into contracts. The study concluded that government need to expedite efforts to review the current procurement documents in order to provide a roadmap to incorporate environmental sustainability issues into the public procurement system. The study increased awareness on the importanceof working out a strategy to promote environmental sustainability issues through public procurement management..
Author Keywords:- construction procurement,environmental sustainability, sustainable public procurement.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 11
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Factors Related To the Lead Levels (Pb) On Blood In The Gas Station Operator Tamalanrea Makassar
Friska Ayu, Budi Djauhari, Aprianita Siregar, Dita Amanda D, Tri Martiana, Linda Dewanti
Abstract     pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/H3115358 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-5358
Gas Stationare business activities in the field of fuel distribution was operate 24 hours a. Gas station are located at the side of highway, so the operator of gas station could be exposed by the fume from vehicles which in a queue of refueling process. The aims of this research was analyze related factors of lead (Pb) levels in the blood on gas station's operator in Tamalanrean Makassar. This research used analytical survey methode and cross sectional design. There were 51 gas station's operator as a sample. Data was analysis by pearson product moment correlation and linear regression test by the result that there are relations between characteristic respondents, working time and the amount of fuel sold. The age, working period, calcium consumption habit, sistolik blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are the most associated factors to lead levels in the blood. Lead exposure of workers could be controlled by the company fuel distribution, the supervisor of gas station and the workers. Following the procedures of service operator, using self protective equipments (respirator), doing on health's monitoring and checking periodic, improving the understanding of reducing smoking habit and have a good personal hygiene to the workers could reduce this problem.
Author Keywords:- lead, gas station's operator, characteristic operated, working time.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Extradosed Bridges – Assessment of seismic damage using Ground Acceleration and Displacement correlations
M V Sardesai, Dr A K Desai
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/I3115967 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-5967
Forced vibration of structure for given Earthquake time history is governed by peak acceleration. For cable stayed structures such as Extradosed cable stayed bridge it is difficult to predict dynamic response using usual methods of dynamic analysis as applied to some other bridge structures like response spectrum analysis, accurate analysis like time history analysis is time consuming and has time and cost effects. Nonlinearities can only be considered in time history analysis. The proposed method correlates the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and earthquake deformation ratio (EDR) which can be used for simplified dynamic analysis and can
prove handy tool for structural engineers to know earthquake related serviceability without much complicated analysis at initial stages. This ratio can be used to present seismic damage indices. The method is proposed considers Extradosed bridge for example.
Author Keywords:- Extradosed cable stayed bridge; Structural Behavior; Earthquake; Dynamic response; PGA-EDR; Seismic Damage index.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Comparative error of the phenomena model
B.M. Menin
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/J3116876 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-6876
The physical-mathematical model of the actual natural or technological phenomena can include different variables, the finite amount of which is defined by a researcher/conscious observer. The a priori overall error inherent this model due its finiteness could be compared with the actual experimental measurement error and should be useful in guiding future investigations. In this context, we propose a strategy relying on thermodynamic theory of information processes, to estimate this error that cannot be done an arbitrarily small. For the considered assumptions, the calculated error of the main researched variable, measured in conventional field studies, should not be less than the error caused by the limited number of dimensional variables of the physical-mathematical model. Examples of practical application of the proposed concept for spacecraft heating, climate prediction, thermal energy storage and food freezing are discussed.
Author Keywords:- A priori error analysis, physical-mathematical model, information theory, theory of similarity, heat- and mass-transfer.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The Dynamic Of The Main Foliar Wheat Diseases Developing At Coast Zone Of Albania, During The Years 2011, 2012, 2013.
Zhaneta Shahini, Arbri Ferko, Hekuran Vrapi, Skender Varaku
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/K3117782 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-7782
Observations were done every week starting from filleting till milk ripening in wheat production fields. It was carried out in "Kaloshi" farm in Grabian village, Lushnja the district of Fier for the three study years (2011, 2012, 2013). Winter wheat is one of the most important and economically beneficial crops in Albania. Distribution of pathogens is a complex phenomenon – it is set by host distribution and susceptibility levels, crop management and environment. Based on the data received during observations about the most frequent foliar wheat diseases at coast zone Lushnje, for the three study years can be say that: Based on the data obtained during surveys conducted to determine the most frequent air diseases of wheat in the low coastal area Lushnja, for the three study years (2011, 2012, 2013) we can say that: for the three study years the first infection of Powdery mildew (B.graminis) are seen at the first observation, march 15, with a level by 3%, while during the mid of Aprile was 12%. During the begining of Aprile are seen infection by Septoria leaf blotch (Septoria sp). With a value by 3% and afetr at the end of May this value was 41 %. Brown rust (P.recondita) on the leaves is seen on mid of Aprile with a infection level by 1%, while at the end of may it was 38 %. Changes in disease epidemics were determined and showed the differences between the analyzed diseases.
Author Keywords:- Brown rust, disease incidence, Powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Interference Revelation in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and Confrontation
A.Srinivas, G.Vasavi, B.Kavitha Laxmi, K.Rama Krishna
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/L3118391 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-8391
In this paper, we utilize the Several interference revelation techniques proposed for mobile ad hoc networks rely on each node passively monitoring the data forwarding by its next hop. This paper presents quantitative evaluations of false positives and their impact on monitoring based interference revelation for ad hoc networks. Experimental results show that, even for a simple three-node configuration, an actual ad-hoc network suffers from high false positives; these results are validated by Markov and probabilistic models. However, this false positive problem cannot be observed by simulating the same network using popular ad hoc network simulators, such as ns-2, OPNET or Glomosim. To remedy this, a probabilistic noise generator model is implemented in the Glomosim simulator. With this revised noise model, the simulated network exhibits the aggregate false positive behavior similar to that of the experimental tested. Simulations of larger (50-node) ad hoc networks indicate that monitoring-based interference revelation has very high false positives. These false positives can reduce the network performance or increase the overhead. In a simple monitoring-based system where no secondary and more accurate methods are used, the false positives impact the network performance in two ways: reduced throughput in normal networks without attackers and inability to mitigate the effect of attacks in networks with attackers.
Author Keywords:- Quantitative evaluations , ad hoc network simulators , interference revelation, probabilistic analysis, monitoring-based interference , ad-hoc networks ,attacks, classic routing.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Functional Simulation of the Integrated Onboard System For a Commercial Launch Vehicle
Professor Nickolay Zosimovych
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
Index: 10.183x/M31192106 aned
ESCI-MML: 183X-0311-9216
In the article has been chosen and simulated the integrated onboard guidance system of a commercial launch vehicle with application of GPS technologies. In this study we shall consider a concept of integrated onboard systems for launch vehicles in the context of the current task, and provide mathematical models of all its elements for different variants of their structure and composition. Was set the conceptual design of an integrated navigation system for the space launch vehicle qualified to inject small artificial Earth satellites into low and medium circular orbits. The conceptual design of the integrated navigation system based on GPS technology involves determination of its structure, models and algorithms, providing the required accuracy and reliability in inject payloads with due regard to restrictions on weight and dimensions of the system.
Author Keywords:- Gimbaled inertial navigation system (GINS), global positioning system (GPS), inertial navigation system (INS), mathematical model (MM), navigation, pseudorange, pseudovelocity, launch vehicle, self-guided system (SGS), Kalman filter, control loop, control system (CS), trajectory, boost phase (BPH), distributor, coordinate, orientation.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 15
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.


Design of A Closed Loop Speed Control For BLDC Motor
M Sandeep*, B Lachulal
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
The present work deals with speed control of BLDC motor in which an Inverter is controlled using PWM techniques and checked the performance of sinusoidal PWM and Space Vector PWM schemes and simulated to produce the desired dynamic and static speed-torque characteristics. The speed can be controlled in a closed loop by measuring the actual speed of the motor. The error in the set speed and actual speed is calculated. A Proportional plus Integral plus derivative (P.I.D) controller can be used to amplify the speed error and dynamically adjust the PWM duty cycle. The developed speed control scheme is verified through Matlab/simulink.
Author Keywords:- Speed controller, feedback loop, Brushless dc (BLDC) motor drive, SPWM, SVPWM, Hysteresis current control.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 05
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.


Energy Audit for Improving System Efficiency In Industrial Sector
J Ranga,Abhinav
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
This paper presents the characteristics of energyconsumption in industrial sector, the methodology and results of energy audits (EA) performed in industrial sites and potentials for energy efficiency (EE) improvements. Presently industrial energy in India is characterized by significant technological low energy efficiency and low level of environmental protection.If we analyze the results of energy audits in selected industrial companies in previous period has shown the significant potentials for energy efficiency improvements in industrial sector (upgrading of equipment in the industrial energy sources and processes, introduction of energy management,the waste heat utilization, introduction of energy efficiency technology, improvement of energy efficiency in electrical equipment, usage of waste materials etc).
Author Keywords:- EnergyAudit,Industrial sector, Energy Efficiency.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 07
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Voltage and Energy Utilization Enhancement In A Stand-Alone WECS
Abhinav*, S Kumar
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
In this study, a novel sinusoidal PWM switched AC/DC/AC converter interface scheme using real novel tri-loop voltage error tracking fuzzy logic controller (FLC), to stabilize the stand alone Wind Energy Conversion Scheme (WECS) using an induction generator. The proposed novel sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulator (SPWM) switched (AC/DC/AC) converter (diode rectifier and 6-pulse IGBT inverter) interface scheme serves as a combined voltage stabilization regulator and maximum wind energy utilization and enhancement compensator.
Author Keywords:- Wind Energy Conversion Scheme, Fuzzy Logic Controller, AC/DC/AC Interface, PWM inverter.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 07
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Effects of Harmonics on Electrical Equipment and their Compensation by using Shunt Active Power filter
A.Santosh, A Tejulal
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
This paper represents the analysis and simulation of a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) using Matlab/Simulink for reducing the harmonics current produced by nonlinear loads. Due to increasing the usage of non linear load, the increase of the harmonics disturbance in the ac mains currents has became a major concern due to the unpleasant effects on all equipment mostly capacitors, transformers, and motors, causing additional losses, overvoltage, failure, overloading, malfunctioning and overheating and interferences. Shunt Active Power filter is used to compensating the harmonic non-linear loads harmonics by injecting equal but opposite harmonic compensating current which gives pure sinusoidal wave.
Author Keywords:- Power System, Harmonic Distortion, Shunt Active Power Filter, Non-Linear Loads, Total Harmonic Distortion.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Power Quality Improvement Using Grid Interconnected Renewable Energy Sources At Distribution Level
P Ananda Mohan*, B Yadagiri
Abstract      pdf Full text PDF
A Power quality problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a failure or a disoperation of end user equipments. Utility distribution networks, sensitive industrial loads and critical commercial operations suffer from various types of outages and service interruptions which can cost significant financial losses. Renewable energy resources (RES) are being increasingly connected in distribution systems utilizing power electronic converters. This paper presents a novel control strategy for achieving maximum benefits from these grid-interfacing inverters when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. The inverter is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be utilized as: 1) power converter to inject power generated from RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance, load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and load neutral current. All of these functions may be accomplished either individually or simultaneously. This new control concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink .Finally the proposed shceme is applied for both balanced and unbalanced linear non linear loads.
Author Keywords:- Power quality, Photo Voltaic (PV) System, distributed generation (DG), distribution system, grid interconnection, power quality (PQ), renewable energy.
e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09
© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.